SPSS for Starters

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-ix

   PDF

2. Introduction

   • Ton J. Cleophas, Aeilko H. Zwinderman

   Pages 1-2

3. One-Sample Continuous and Binary Data (t-Test, z-Test) (10 and 55 Patients)

   • Ton J. Cleophas, Aeilko H. Zwinderman

   Pages 3-5

4. Paired Continuous Data (Paired-t, Wilcoxon) (10 Patients)

   • Ton J. Cleophas, Aeilko H. Zwinderman

   Pages 7-9

5. Unpaired Continuous Data (Unpaired t-Tests, Mann–Whitney) (20 Patients)

   • Ton J. Cleophas, Aeilko H. Zwinderman

   Pages 11-13

6. Linear Regression (20 Patients)

   • Ton J. Cleophas, Aeilko H. Zwinderman

   Pages 15-19

7. Repeated Measures ANOVA, Friedman (10 Patients)

   • Ton J. Cleophas, Aeilko H. Zwinderman

   Pages 21-23

8. Mixed Models (20 Patients)

   • Ton J. Cleophas, Aeilko H. Zwinderman

   Pages 25-27

9. One-Way-ANOVA, Kruskall–Wallis (30 Patients)

   • Ton J. Cleophas, Aeilko H. Zwinderman

   Pages 29-31

10. Trend Test for Continuous Data (30 Patients)

    • Ton J. Cleophas, Aeilko H. Zwinderman

    Pages 33-34

11. Unpaired Binary Data (Chi-Square, Crosstabs) (55 Patients)

    • Ton J. Cleophas, Aeilko H. Zwinderman

    Pages 35-37

12. Logistic Regression (55 Patients)

    • Ton J. Cleophas, Aeilko H. Zwinderman

    Pages 39-42

13. Trend Tests for Binary Data (106 Patients)

    • Ton J. Cleophas, Aeilko H. Zwinderman

    Pages 43-45

14. Paired Binary (McNemar Test) (139 General Practitioners)

    • Ton J. Cleophas, Aeilko H. Zwinderman

    Pages 47-49

15. Multiple Paired Binary Data (Cochran’s Q Test) (139 Patients)

    • Ton J. Cleophas, Aeilko H. Zwinderman

    Pages 51-53

16. Cox Regression (60 Patients)

    • Ton J. Cleophas, Aeilko H. Zwinderman

    Pages 55-58

17. Cox Regression with Time-dependent Variables (60 Patients)

    • Ton J. Cleophas, Aeilko H. Zwinderman

    Pages 59-61

18. Validating Qualitative Diagnostic Tests (575 Patients)

    • Ton J. Cleophas, Aeilko H. Zwinderman

    Pages 63-66

19. Validating Quantitative Diagnostic Tests (17 Patients)

    • Ton J. Cleophas, Aeilko H. Zwinderman

    Pages 67-68

20. Reliability Assessment of Qualitative Diagnostic Tests (17 Patients)

    • Ton J. Cleophas, Aeilko H. Zwinderman

    Pages 69-70

This small book addresses different kinds of datafiles, as commonly encountered in clinical research, and their data-analysis on SPSS Software. Some 15 years ago serious statistical analyses were conducted by specialist statisticians using ma- frame computers. Nowadays, there is ready access to statistical computing using personal computers or laptops, and this practice has changed boundaries between basic statistical methods that can be conveniently carried out on a pocket calculator and more advanced statistical methods that can only be executed on a computer. Clinical researchers currently perform basic statistics without professional help from a statistician, including t-tests and chi-square tests. With help of user-friendly software the step from such basic tests to more complex tests has become smaller, and more easy to take. It is our experience as masters’ and doctorate class teachers of the European College of Pharmaceutical Medicine (EC Socrates Project Lyon France) that s- dents are eager to master adequate command of statistical software for that purpose. However, doing so, albeit easy, still takes 20–50 steps from logging in to the final result, and all of these steps have to be learned in order for the procedures to be successful.

• Excel
• SPSS
• analysis of variance
• continuous and binary data
• paired and unpaired data
• regression methods
• reliability assessments
• statistics
• testing

• , Department Medicine, Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, Netherlands

  Ton J. Cleophas

• , Dept. Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands

  Aeilko H. Zwinderman

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