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Advances in Mitochondrial Medicine

  • Book
  • © 2012

Overview

Editors:
  1. Roberto Scatena

    1. School of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical B, Catholic University, Rome, Italy

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  2. Patrizia Bottoni

    1. School of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical B, Catholic University, Rome, Italy

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  3. Bruno Giardina

    1. School of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical B, Catholic University, Rome, Italy

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  • Discusses the role of mitochondrial dysfunction and the complex pathophysiological mechanisms associated with a growing number of illnesses
  • Follows a scientific approach to asses the complex and heterogenious relationships between mitochondria and calcium, apoptosis, oxidative phosphorylation, Reactive Oxygen Species and anabolic pathways
  • Discusses mitochondria as a valuable target for xenobiotics and its etiopathogenic role in neglected iatrogenic diseases, stimulating the use of existing knowledge for clinical applications, diagnosis and therapy

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology (AEMB, volume 942)

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Table of contents (20 chapters)

  1. Front Matter

    Pages i-xii
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  2. Physiology and Structure of Mitochondria

    1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1
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  3. Physiology and structure of Mitochondria

    1. The Oxidative Phosphorylation System in Mammalian Mitochondria

      • Sergio Papa, Pietro Luca Martino, Giuseppe Capitanio, Antonio Gaballo, Domenico De Rasmo, Anna Signorile et al.
      Pages 3-37

    2. Physiology and Pathophysiology of Mitochondrial DNA

      • Hongzhi Li, Danhui Liu, Jianxin Lu, Yidong Bai
      Pages 39-51

    3. Mitochondrial Ca2+ as a Key Regulator of Mitochondrial Activities

      • Tito Calì, Denis Ottolini, Marisa Brini
      Pages 53-73

    4. Mitochondria and Nitric Oxide: Chemistry and Pathophysiology

      • Paolo Sarti, Marzia Arese, Elena Forte, Alessandro Giuffrè, Daniela Mastronicola
      Pages 75-92

    5. Mitochondria and Reactive Oxygen Species. Which Role in Physiology and Pathology?

      • Giorgio Lenaz
      Pages 93-136

    6. Uncoupling Proteins: Molecular, Functional, Regulatory, Physiological and Pathological Aspects

      • Francis E. Sluse
      Pages 137-156

    7. The Mitochondrial Pathways of Apoptosis

      • Jérome Estaquier, François Vallette, Jean-Luc Vayssiere, Bernard Mignotte
      Pages 157-183

  4. Mitochondria and Disease

    1. Front Matter

      Pages 185-185
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  5. Mitochondria and disease

    1. Inherited Mitochondrial Disorders

      • Josef Finsterer
      Pages 187-213

    2. Role of Mitochondrial Function in Insulin Resistance

      • Myrte Brands, Arthur J. Verhoeven, Mireille J. Serlie
      Pages 215-234

    3. Mitochondria and Diabetes. An Intriguing Pathogenetic Role

      • Philip Newsholme, Celine Gaudel, Maurico Krause
      Pages 235-247

    4. Mitochondria and Heart Disease

      • Elinor J. Griffiths
      Pages 249-267

    5. Mitochondria in Neurodegeneration

      • Lezi E, Russell H. Swerdlow
      Pages 269-286

    6. Mitochondria and Cancer: A Growing Role in Apoptosis, Cancer Cell Metabolism and Dedifferentiation

      • Roberto Scatena
      Pages 287-308

  6. Mitochondria, Aging and Pharmacotoxicological Aspects

    1. Front Matter

      Pages 309-309
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  7. Mitochondria and Aging

    1. Mitochondria and Aging

      • Hsin-Chen Lee, Yau-Huei Wei
      Pages 311-327

    2. Mitochondria and Drugs

      • Roberto Scatena
      Pages 329-346

    3. Iatrogenic Mitochondriopathies: A Recent Lesson from Nucleoside/Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

      • George P. H. Leung
      Pages 347-369
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Keywords

About this book

Mitochondria are far more than the “powerhouse” of the cell as they have classically been described. In fact, mitochondria biological activities have progressively expanded to include not only various bioenergetic processes but also important biosynthetic pathways, calcium homeostasis and thermogenesis, cell death by apoptosis, several different signal transduction pathways mainly related to redox control of gene expression and so on. This functional and structural complexity may undergo important derangements so to justify the definition of ‘mitochondrial medicine’, which should include all the clinical consequences of congenital or acquired mitochondrial dysfunctions. There are actually a growing number of studies which assign a significant pathogenic role to damaged mitochondria in different diseases: ischemia/reperfusion injury, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer with its dramatic sequelae (i.e, metastasis), metabolic syndrome, hyperlipidemias, just to mention a few of the most important pathologies. In this context, a further aspect that should not be disregarded is the interaction of pharmacological agents with mitochondria, not only in regard of the toxicological aspects but, above all, of the potential therapeutic applications. In fact, it is interesting to note that, while the properties of different so-called “mitoxicants” are well-known, the subtle linkages between drugs and mitochondria is still in need of a real pharmacological and therapeutic control at the clinical level. This lack of consideration can often lead to an underestimation of unwanted toxic effects but also of desirable therapeutic activities. A reevaluation of the potential clinical role of mitochondria could give a new light on some yet obscure aspects of human pathophysiology.

Editors and Affiliations

  • School of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical B, Catholic University, Rome, Italy

    Roberto Scatena, Patrizia Bottoni, Bruno Giardina

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