Emissions of Atmospheric Trace Compounds

1. Front Matter

   Pages I-XI

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2. Atmospheric Composition and Surface Exchanges

   • Guy P. Brasseur, Will Steffen, Claire Granier

   Pages 1-15

3. Compilation of Regional to Global Inventories of Anthropogenic Emissions

   • Carmen M. Benkovitz, Hajime Akimoto, James J. Corbett, J. David Mobley, Jos G. J. Olivier, Toshimasa Ohara et al.

   Pages 17-69

4. Deriving Global Quantitative Estimates for Spatial and Temporal Distributions of Biomass Burning Emissions

   • C. Liousse, M. O. Andreae, P. Artaxo, P. Barbosa, H. Cachier, J. M. Grégoire et al.

   Pages 71-113

5. Global Organic Emissions from Vegetation

   • Christine Wiedinmyer, Alex Guenther, Peter Harley, Nick Hewitt, Chris Geron, Paulo Artaxo et al.

   Pages 115-170

6. Nitrogen Emissions from Soils

   • Laurens Ganzeveld, Changsheng Li, Laura Cárdenas, Jane Hawkins, Grant Kirkman

   Pages 171-238

7. Global Emissions of Mineral Aerosol: Formulation and Validation using Satellite Imagery

   • Yves Balkanski, Michael Schulz, Tanguy Claquin, Cyril Moulin, Paul Ginoux

   Pages 239-267

8. Emissions from volcanoes

   • Christiane Textor, Hans-F. Graf, Claudia Timmreck, Alan Robock

   Pages 269-303

9. A satellite-based method for estimating global oceanic DMS and its application in a 3-D atmospheric GCM

   • Sauveur Belviso, Cyril Moulin, Laurent Bopp, Emmanuel Cosme, Elaine Chapman, Kazushi Aranami

   Pages 305-332

10. Sea-salt aerosol source functions and emissions

    • Michael Schulz, Gerrit de Leeuw, Yves Balkanski

    Pages 333-359

11. Use of Isotopes

    • Valérie Gros, Carl A. M. Brenninkmeijer, Patrick Jöckel, Jan Kaiser, Dave Lowry, Euan G. Nisbet et al.

    Pages 361-426

12. Determination of emissions from observations of atmospheric compounds

    • Claire E. Reeves, Derek M. Cunnold, Richard G. Derwent, Edward Dlugokencky, Sandrine Edouard, Claire Granier et al.

    Pages 427-476

13. Data Assimilation and Inverse Methods

    • Richard Ménard, Sandrine Édouard, Sander Houweling, Gabrielle Pétron, Claire Granier, Claire Reeves

    Pages 477-515

14. Back Matter

    Pages 517-547

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The mathematical modelling of the transport and transformation of trace species in the atmosphere is one of the scientific tools currently used to assess atmospheric chemistry, air quality, and climatic conditions. From the scientific but also from the management perspectives accurate inventories of emissions of the trace species at the appropriate spatial, temporal, and species resolution are required. The chapter has discussed bottom-up methodologies to estimate global and regional emISSIOns. These methodologies are based on activity data, emission factors (amount of emissions per unit activity), and for some inventories additional parameters (such as sulphur content of fuels). To compile regional and global inventories researchers can either bring together estimates made at the national or sub-national level by national experts or directly estimate emissions based on activity rates from reports compiled by multi-national organizations such as the United Nations and the International Energy agency and on emission factors and other information available in the literature. In all cases the data used must be checked for transparency, consistency, comparability, completeness and accuracy. These emissions estimates must now be given finer spatial (usually gridded), temporal, and for some inventories species resolution. The location of major stationary sources (power plants, industrial complexes) is usually known, so the emissions can be directly assigned to the appropriate grid cell.

• Aerosol
• Rain
• emissions
• satellite
• vegetation
• air pollution and air quality

• Service d’Aéronomie, Université Paris 6, Paris, France

  Claire Granier

• CIRES/NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, USA

  Claire Granier

• Max-Planck-Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany

  Claire Granier

• Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

  Paulo Artaxo

• School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK

  Claire E. Reeves

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