Diel Vertical Migration of Zooplankton in Lakes and Oceans

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xiii

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2. Windows: An Introduction

   • Joop Ringelberg

   Pages 1-9

3. Swimming in a Strange Biotope

   • Joop Ringelberg

   Pages 11-24

4. Light-Induced, Reactive Swimming

   • Joop Ringelberg

   Pages 25-48

5. A Decision-Making Mechanism

   • Joop Ringelberg

   Pages 49-70

6. Mechanistic Models

   • Joop Ringelberg

   Pages 71-103

7. Light and Temperature

   • Joop Ringelberg

   Pages 105-128

8. Optical Orientations

   • Joop Ringelberg

   Pages 129-158

9. Considerations Before Going into the Field

   • Joop Ringelberg

   Pages 161-170

10. Diel Vertical Migration in Lakes

    • Joop Ringelberg

    Pages 171-215

11. Migrations in the Marine Environment

    • Joop Ringelberg

    Pages 217-249

12. The Confrontation of Experimental and Field Studies

    • Joop Ringelberg

    Pages 251-272

13. From the Individual to the Population and Beyond

    • Joop Ringelberg

    Pages 273-305

14. Recapitulations and Considerations

    • Joop Ringelberg

    Pages 307-320

15. Back Matter

    Pages 321-356

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Whatever theory may be advanced to explain diurnal migration, the underlying reactions involved must be demonstrated conc- sively in the laboratory before the explanation can be ?nally accepted George L. Clarke 1933 p. 434 In oceans and lakes, zooplankton often make diel vertical migrations (DVM), descending at dawn and coming up again in late afternoon and evening. The small animals cover distances of 10–40 m in lakes or even a few hundred metres in the open oceans. Although not as spectacular as migrations of birds or the massive movements of large mammals over the African savannas, the numbers involved are very large and the biomass exceed the bulk of the African herds. For example, in the Antarctic oceans swarms of “Krill” may cover kilometres across, with thousands of individuals per cubic metre. These Euphausiids are food for whales, the most bulky animals on earth. Zooplankton are key species in the pelagic food web, intermediary between algae and ?sh, and thus essential for the functioning of the pelagic community. Prey for many, they have evolved diverse strategies of survival and DVM is the most imp- tant one. Most ?sh are visually hunting predators and need a high light intensity to detect the often transparent animals. By moving down, the well-lit surface layers are avoided but they have to come up again at night to feed on algae.

• Behavioural Mechanisms
• Diel Vertical Migration
• Population Dynamics
• environment
• plankton
• temperature
• zooplankton
• marine and freshwater sciences
• Model invertebrates

• Putten, Netherlands

  Joop Ringelberg

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