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Arctic Alpine Ecosystems and People in a Changing Environment

  • Book
  • © 2007

Overview

Editors:
  1. Jon Børre Ørbæk

    1. Norwegian Polar Institute, Longyearbyen, Norway

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  2. Roland Kallenborn

    1. Polar Environmental Centre, Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Tromsø, Norway

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  3. Ingunn Tombre

    1. Polar Environmental Centre, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Tromsø, Norway

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  4. Else N. Hegseth

    1. Norwegian College of Fishery Science, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway

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  5. Stig Falk-Petersen

    1. Polar Environmental Centre, Norwegian Polar Institute, Tromsø, Norway

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  6. Alf H. Hoel

    1. Department of Political Science, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway

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  • Uniquely multidisciplinary book presenting the various aspects of contemporary environmental changes in Arctic, Alpine Regions

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Table of contents (21 chapters)

  1. Front Matter

    Pages i-xxviii
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  2. Arctic-Alpine Ecosystems and People in a Changing Environment — Introduction

    1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1
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    2. Integrated aspects of environmental change: Climate change, UV radiation and long range transport of pollutants

      • J. B. Ørbæk, R. Kallenborn, I. Tombre, E. N. Hegseth, S. Falk-Petersen, A. H. Hoel
      Pages 3-18

    3. An environment at risk: Arctic indigenous peoples, local livelihoods and climate change

      • Mark Nuttall
      Pages 19-35

  3. Climate change and ecosystem response

    1. Front Matter

      Pages 37-37
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    2. Climate variation in the European sector of the Arctic: Observations and scenarios

      • Inger Hanssen-Bauer
      Pages 39-50

    3. Impact of climate change on arctic and alpine lakes: Effects on phenology and community dynamics

      • R. Primicerio, G. Rossetti, P. -A. Amundsen, A. Klemetsen
      Pages 51-69

    4. Changes in growing season in Fennoscandia 1982–1999

      • Kjell Arild Høgda, Stein Rune Karlsen, Hans Tømmervik
      Pages 71-84

    5. Northern climates and woody plant distribution

      • R. M. M. Crawford, C. E. Jeffree
      Pages 85-104

    6. Topographic complexity and terrestrial biotic response to high-latitude climate change: Variance is as important as the mean

      • W. Scott Armbruster, David A. Rae, Mary E. Edwards
      Pages 105-121

    7. The flow of Atlantic water to the Nordic Seas and Arctic Ocean

      • Tore Furevik, Cecilie Mauritzen, Randi Ingvaldsen
      Pages 123-146

    8. Climate variability and possible effects on arctic food chains: The role of Calanus

      • Stig Falk-Petersen, Vladimir Pavlov, Sergey Timofeev, John R. Sargent
      Pages 147-166

    9. Adjustment to reality: Social responses to climate changes in Greenland

      • Rasmus Ole Rasmussen
      Pages 167-178

  4. UV radiation and biological effects

    1. Front Matter

      Pages 179-179
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    2. Factors, trends and scenarios of UV radiation in arctic-alpine environments

      • Mario Blumthaler
      Pages 181-193

    3. Effects of enhanced UV-B radiation and epidermal UV screening in arctic and alpine plants

      • Line Nybakken, Wolfgang Bilger
      Pages 195-209

    4. Effects of UV radiation in arctic and alpine freshwater ecosystems

      • Dag O. Hessen
      Pages 211-225

    5. Climate control of biological UV exposure in polar and alpine aquatic ecosystems

      • Warwick F Vincent, Milla Rautio, Reinhard Pienitz
      Pages 227-249

    6. Effects of UV radiation on seaweeds

      • Dieter Hanelt, C. Wiencke, K. Bischof
      Pages 251-277

    7. Climate and ozone change effects on UV-radiation and health risks

      • Harry Slaper, Peter den Outer, Gert Kelfkens
      Pages 279-301
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Keywords

About this book

This book addresses the significant environmental changes experienced by high latitude and high altitude ecosystems at the beginning of the 21st c- tury. Increased temperatures and precipitation, reduction in sea ice and glacier ice, the increased levels of UV-radiation and the long-range tra- ported contaminants in arctic and alpine regions are stress factors that challenge terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The large natural variation in the physical parameters of these extreme environments is a key factor in structuring the biodiversity and biotic productivity, and the effect of the new stress factors can be critical for the population structures and the - teraction between species. These changes may also have socio-economic effects if the changes affect the bio-production, which form the basis for the marine and terrestrial food chains. The book is uniquely multidisciplinary and provides examples of va- ous aspects of contemporary environmental change in arctic and alpine - gions. The 21 chapters of the book are organised under the fields of •Climate change and ecosystem response, •Long range transport of poll- ants and ecological impacts, and •UV radiation and biological effects, each also including aspects of the •Socio-economic effects of environmental change. The introductory chapter presents and explains the internal c- nection and integration of all chapters. The added value of these reviews and review-like manuscripts from different disciplines hopefully yields new information about the integrated aspects of environmental change.

Reviews

From the reviews:

"This book of 21 chapters by 46 authors consists of papers presented at the international conference on the topic of the title, organized in Tromsø, Norway in 2003. … Overall, the book is especially useful for scholars of the interaction between ecosystems in the northern part of the world in this case mainly European, and the humans affected by climate changes over which they have no control, but to which they must adapt." (The Polar Times, Vol. 3 (12), 2007)

"This 21-chapter edited volume is a synthesis of papers presented at an international conference on ‘Arctic Alpine Ecosystems and People in a Changing Environment,’ held in Norway in early 2003. … The material covered is strongly multidisciplinary in nature, while some of the individual chapters provide authoritative and accessible reviews or treatments of their subject matter, making the volume a valuable literature resource." (Pete Convey, Polar Record, Vol. 44(4), 2008)

"This 434-page, multi-author volume touches upon alpine data for, at most, 20 pages. By referring to ‘environment’ the authors primarily mean climate and pollutants. … Those topics addressed in the book read well, mostly go into great depth, and are nicely supported by diagrams, some of which are in color. … All in all, this book … should be on the bookshelves at all Arctic Circle research institutions, particularly those that focus on aquatic life." (Christian Körner, EOS, Vol. 88 (16), April, 2007)

Editors and Affiliations

  • Norwegian Polar Institute, Longyearbyen, Norway

    Jon Børre Ørbæk

  • Polar Environmental Centre, Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Tromsø, Norway

    Roland Kallenborn

  • Polar Environmental Centre, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Tromsø, Norway

    Ingunn Tombre

  • Norwegian College of Fishery Science, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway

    Else N. Hegseth

  • Polar Environmental Centre, Norwegian Polar Institute, Tromsø, Norway

    Stig Falk-Petersen

  • Department of Political Science, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway

    Alf H. Hoel

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