The Functional Roles of Glial Cells in Health and Disease

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-x

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2. Glial Cell Development

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

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   2. Developmental Regulation in the Schwann Cell Lineage

      • K. R. Jessen, R. Mirsky

      Pages 3-12

   3. Transcriptional Regulation of the Pou Gene Oct-6 in Schwann Cells

      • Wim Mandemakers, Ronald Zwart, Robert Kraay, Gerard Grosveld, Anneke Graus Martine Jaegle, Ludo Broos et al.

      Pages 13-22

   4. Glia Development in the Embryonic Cns of Drosophila

      • Christian Klämbt, Kristina Schimmelpfeng, Thomas Hummel

      Pages 23-32

   5. Role and Mechanism of Action of Glial Cell Deficient/Glial Cell Missing (Glide/Gcm), The Fly Glial Promoting Factor

      • A. A. Miller, R. Bernardoni, C. Hindelang, M. Kammerer, S. Sorrentino, V. Van de Bor et al.

      Pages 33-46

3. Glia In Neurotransmission, Neuromodulation, and Neuron Survival

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 47-47

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   2. Expression and Functional Analysis of Glutamate Receptors in Glial Cells

      • Daniele F. Condorelli, Fiorenzo Conti, Vittorio Gallo, Frank Kirchhoff, Gerald Seifert, Christian Steinhäuser et al.

      Pages 49-67

   3. Astrocytes as Active Participants of Glutamatergic Function and Regulators of its Homeostasis

      • Paola Bezzi, Sabino Vesce, Patrizia Panzarasa, Andrea Volterra

      Pages 69-80

   4. Glia-Neuron Interaction by High-Affinity Glutamate Transporters in Neurotransmission

      • Thomas Rauen, Frauke Fischer, Michael Wiessner

      Pages 81-95

   5. On How Altered Glutamate Homeostasis May Contribute to Demyelinating Diseases of the Cns

      • Carlos Matute, María Domercq, David J. Fogarty, María Pascual de Zulueta, María Victoria Sánchez-Gómez

      Pages 98-107

   6. Possible Role of Microglial Prostanoids and Free Radicals in Neuroprotection and Neurodegeneration

      • Luisa Minghetti, Elisabetta Polazzi, Alessia Nicolini, Anita Greco, Giulio Levi

      Pages 109-119

4. Glia, Inflammation, and Cytokines

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 121-121

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   2. The Role of Microglia and Astrocytes in Cns Immune Surveillance and Immunopathology

      • Francesca Aloisi

      Pages 123-133

   3. The Role of Chemokines in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis

      • N. Woodroofe, A. K. Cross, K. Harkness, J. E. Simpson

      Pages 135-150

   4. Humoral and Cellular Immune Functions of Cytokine-Treated Schwann Cells

      • Gisela Wohlleben, Hans-Peter Hartung, Ralf Gold

      Pages 151-156

   5. Axotomy-Induced Glial Reactions in Normal and Cytokine Transgenic Mice

      • B. Finsen, N. D. Lomholt, I. V. Hegelund, F. R. Poulsen, M. B. Jensen, T. Owens

      Pages 157-171

5. Glia in cns Plasticity and Regeneration

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 173-173

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   2. Contribution of Astrocytes to Activity-Dependent Structural Plasticity in the Adult Brain

      • Dionysia T. Theodosis, Dominique A. Poulain

      Pages 175-182

   3. The Role of Oligodendrocytes and Oligodendrocyte Progenitors in cns Remyelination

      • Hans S. Keirstead, William F. Blakemore

      Pages 183-197

Thirty-five years ago, when Stephen Kuffler and his colleagues at Harvard initiated a new era of research on the properties and functions of neuroglial cells, very few neuro­ scientists were impressed at the time with the hypothesis that neuroglial cells could have another, though more subtle, role to play in the nervous system than to provide static support to neurons. Today, very few neuroscientists are unaware of the fact that multiple interactions between neurons and glial cells have been described, and that they consti­ tute the basis for understanding the function and the pathology of the nervous system. Glial cells outnumber neurons and make up about one-half of the bulk of the nervous system. They are divided into two major classes: first, the macroglia, which include astrocytes and oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system, and the Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system; and second, the microglial cells. These different classes of glial cells have different functions and contribute in different ways in the devel­ opment, function, and the pathology of the nervous system.

• Alzheimer
• Glutamat
• Nervous System
• attention
• neurons
• phenotype
• tissue
• transcription

• Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece

  Rebecca Matsas

• University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland

  Marco Tsacopoulos

Policies and ethics