Adventure and Extreme Sports Injuries

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xvi

   PDF

2. The Management of the Extreme Sports Athlete

   • Omer Mei-Dan, Michael R. Carmont

   Pages 1-5

3. Rock and Ice Climbing

   • Volker Schöffl

   Pages 7-35

4. Alpine Skiing and Snowboarding Injuries

   • Mike Langran

   Pages 37-67

5. Skydiving

   • Anton Westman

   Pages 69-90

6. BASE Jumping

   • Omer Mei-Dan

   Pages 91-112

7. Whitewater Canoeing and Rafting

   • Jonathan P. Folland, Kate Strachan

   Pages 113-141

8. Surfing Injuries

   • Andrew T. Nathanson

   Pages 143-172

9. Kite Surfing and Snow Kiting

   • Mark Tauber, Philipp Moroder

   Pages 173-187

10. Windsurfing

    • Daryl A. Rosenbaum, Bree Simmons

    Pages 189-202

11. Sailing and Yachting

    • Michael R. Carmont

    Pages 203-223

12. Mountain Biking Injuries

    • Michael R. Carmont

    Pages 225-245

13. Paragliding

    • Lior Laver, Omer Mei-Dan

    Pages 247-272

14. Mountain, Sky, and Endurance Running

    • Denise Park, Michael R. Carmont

    Pages 273-301

15. Personality Characteristics in Extreme Sports Athletes: Morbidity and Mortality in Mountaineering and BASE Jumping

    • Erik Monasterio

    Pages 303-314

16. Endocrine Aspects and Responses to Extreme Sports

    • Karen Tordjman, Naama Constantini, Anthony C. Hackney

    Pages 315-324

17. Preventing Injuries in Extreme Sports Athletes

    • John Nyland, Yee Han Dave Lee

    Pages 325-337

18. Rehabilitation of Extreme Sports Injuries

    • Peter Malliaras, Dylan Morrissey, Nick Antoniou

    Pages 339-361

19. Back Matter

    Pages 363-371

    PDF

Adventure and extreme sports are increasing in popularity and it is not surprising that commercial adventure tourism and the accompanying life style and fashion, have become increasingly important to world economy. These unique sports involve not only major physical endurance and mental challenges but interaction and bonding with nature. They also tend to attract and excite audiences, both at the event and in the media. They are exciting to watch and redraw the boundaries of human achievement with the accompanying risks of injury and death. Adventure sports are usually performed in beautiful, exciting and remote locations or in extreme environments far away from medical assistance. Extreme sports usually involve an element of increased risk. These risks are highlighted by the media, usually after a reported accident or fatality but may vary according to the involvement of the participant; the weekend recreational adventure sports athlete or the experienced professional. A wide variety of sports fall into the category of adventure and extreme sports and with an increasing number of disciplines, this field is ever expanding. Sports are performed in contact with the “ground”; mountain running and biking, rock climbing, ice climbing and mountaineering. In the air: skydiving and base jumping. On water: surfing, white water kayaking and rafting, board sailing and diving. And also involve mechanical vehicles and animals! Some sports may be performed as a combination of few disciplines, such as water and air, e.g. kite surfing, and as so involve very unique mechanisms of injury. Sports events can also be merged to form a multi-sport race comprising many disciplines lastly from single to multi day races. Sports may involve competition with others, against the environment or with oneself, frequently the most ferocious adversary. Adventure sports are becoming increasingly popular in the general public and a few take these sports to an extreme level with the accompanying risks. Those that do, bring such time and dedication that they become professional in terms of training, preparation and finance. More and more people are enjoying adventure sports and unfortunately increased numbers are becoming injured as a result. Future research is progressing alongside the sport development, to allow the sport mechanisms, injury patterns and predisposing factors to be better understood. It is the hope of all researchers to make the sports safer without detracting from their adventurous nature. The aim and scope of our book would be to bring the sports medicine involved ineach of these sports into one volume. We would explain each sport including subtle similarities and differences, the common injury mechanisms, patterns of injury and treatment options. Additional chapters would include the mental characteristics of adventure racers and extreme sports athletes, together with the complexities of competing in hot and cold extreme environments. The book will present chapters focussing on the sports listed below, concentrating on published literature and newly formed studies by experts in the fields of injury epidemiology, prevention, management and rehabilitation.

• Extreme Sports
• Injuries
• Trauma

• School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, University of Colorado, Aurora, USA

  Omer Mei-Dan

• , Department of Orthopedics, The Princess Royal Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom

  Michael R Carmont

Policies and ethics