Early Nutrition Programming and Health Outcomes in Later Life: Obesity and beyond

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-ix

   PDF

2. Challenges and Novel Approaches in the Epidemiological Study of Early Life Influences on Later Disease

   • G. Davey Smith, S. Leary, A. Ness, D. A. Lawlor

   Pages 1-14

3. Infant Feeding and Later Obesity Risk

   • B. Koletzko, R. von Kries, R. C. Monasterolo, J. E. Subias, S. Scaglioni, M. Giovannini et al.

   Pages 15-29

4. Developmental Origins of Osteoporosis: The Role of Maternal Nutrition

   • C. Cooper, N. Harvey, Z. Cole, M. Hanson, E. Dennison

   Pages 31-39

5. Does Having Been Breastfed in Infancy Influence Lipid Profile in Later Life?: A Review of the Literature

   • R. M. Martin, G. Davey Smith

   Pages 41-50

6. The Early Origins of Atherosclerosis

   • A. Singhal

   Pages 51-58

7. Do LCPUFAs Influence Cardiovascular Function in Early Childhood?

   • J. S. Forsyth

   Pages 59-63

8. Effects of Supplementing LCPUFA to the Diet of Pregnant Women: Data from RCT

   • Tamás Decsi

   Pages 65-69

9. The Early Origins of Later Obesity: Pathways and Mechanisms

   • I. Caroline McMillen, Leewen Rattanatray, Jaime A. Duffield, Janna L. Morrison, Severence M. MacLaughlin, Sheridan Gentili et al.

   Pages 71-81

10. Developmental Origins of Obesity: Programming of Food Intake or Physical Activity?

    • David S. Gardner, Phillip Rhodes

    Pages 83-93

11. Nutrient–Gene Interactions in Early Life Programming: Leptin in Breast Milk Prevents Obesity Later on in Life

    • Andreu Palou, Juana Sánchez, Catalina Picó

    Pages 95-104

12. Early Nutrition and Later Obesity: Animal Models Provide Insights into Mechanisms

    • Cornelia C. Metges

    Pages 105-112

13. Tissue Specific Adaptations to Nutrient Supply: More than Just Epigenetics?

    • Michael E. Symonds, Terence Stephenson, David S. Gardner, Helen Budge

    Pages 113-118

14. Epigenetics – Potential Contribution to Fetal Programming

    • J. C. Mathers, Jill A. McKay

    Pages 119-123

15. Programming of Impaired Insulin Secretion Versus Sensitivity: Cause or Effect?

    • Brigitte Reusens, Claude Remacle

    Pages 125-131

16. PGC-1β: A Co-activator That Sets the Tone for Both Basal and Stress-Stimulated Mitochondrial Activity

    • Christopher J. Lelliott, Antonio Vidal-Puig

    Pages 133-139

17. Pharmacological and Gene Modification-Based Models for Studying the Impact of Perinatal Metabolic Disturbances in Adult Life

    • Francesc Villarroya, Carlos Bocos, Marta Giralt, Maria Pilar Ramos, Emilio Herrera, Julio Sevillano et al.

    Pages 141-148

18. Adipose Tissue–Muscle Interactions and the Metabolic Effects of n-3 LCPUFA – Implications for Programming Effects of Early Diet

    • P. Janovska, J. Kopecky

    Pages 149-157

19. Trans Isomeric and LCPUFA Are Inversely Correlated in Erythrocyte Membrane Lipids at Mid-gestation

    • Tamás Marosvölgyi, Cristina Campoy, Berthold Koletzko, Éva Szabó, Viktoria Jakobik, Margarita Jimenez et al.

    Pages 159-163

20. Early Growth and Body Composition in Infancy

    • Sirinuch Chomtho, Jonathan C. K. Wells, Peter S. Davies, Alan Lucas, M. S. Fewtrell

    Pages 165-168

Obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally and presents a major challenge to policy makers and clinicians alike. Recent research has suggested that obesity has its origins in early life and that early diet can programme a developing fetus’ and young infant’s future susceptibility to obesity.  This volume contains recent findings presented at the International Conference on Early Nutrition Programming and Health Outcomes in Later Life: Obesity and Beyond - a satellite meeting of the 15th European Congress on Obesity, held in Budapest in April 2007. Basic scientific research, data from epidemiological studies and clinical trial results were all presented during the programme.

This volume includes articles discussing the evidence for an effect of early nutrition programming on later obesity and cardiovascular risk; the growing evidence for an intergenerational cycle of obesity; the role of maternal leptin in programming appetite; possible cellular mechanisms for altered energy balance, including mitochondrial programming and the effects of regulators of metabolism; and how epigenetic changes might be the fundamental underlying mechanism explaining programming effects. Consumer understanding of the concept of early nutrition programming and the extent to which early nutrition programming is taken into account in infant feeding policies are also discussed.

• body composition
• child
• childhood
• genetics
• growth
• health
• membrane
• metabolism
• nutrition
• obesity
• maternal and child health

From the reviews: “This book contains part of the findings specific to obesity presented at a 2007 conference held in Budapest. … contains two enlightening tables that are a must-read for all lactation professionals. The first describes how the groups (e.g., policy makers, food industry, NGOs, and health insurance companies) interested in the results presented in the book can use them. The other table details ‘possible drivers and trends’ that will impact upon these results … .” (Nicole J. Bernshaw, International Lactation Consultant Association, April, 2010)

• Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Germany

  Berthold Koletzko

• Department of Paediatrics, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary

  Tamás Decsi, Dées Molnár

• Ashwell Associates (Europe) Ltd., Ashwell Hertfordshire, UK

  Anne Hunty

Policies and ethics