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Selenium

Its Molecular Biology and Role in Human Health

  • Book
  • © 2006

Overview

Editors:
  1. Dolph L. Hatfield

    1. National Cancer Institute, USA

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  2. Marla J. Berry

    1. University of Hawaii, USA

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  3. Vadim N. Gladyshev

    1. Univeristy of Nebraska, USA

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  • Features the many new discoveries have occurred since the 1st edition on Selenium was published in 2001

  • New investigators who have made important contributions to the field have been added as chapter authors

  • Includes supplementary material: sn.pub/extras

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Table of contents (35 chapters)

  1. Front Matter

    Pages i-xxiii
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  2. Selenium: A historical perspective

    1. Selenium: A historical perspective

      • James E. Oldfield
      Pages 1-6

  3. Biosynthesis of selenocysteine and its incorporation into protein

    1. Front Matter

      Pages 7-7
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    2. Selenium metabolism in prokaryotes

      • August Böck, Michael Rother, Marc Leibundgut, Nenad Ban
      Pages 9-28

    3. Mammalian and other eukaryotic selenocysteine tRNAs

      • Bradley A. Carlson, Xue-Ming Xu, Rajeev Shrimali, Aniruddha Sengupta, Min-Hyuk Yoo, Robert Irons et al.
      Pages 29-37

    4. Evolution of selenocysteine decoding and the key role of selenophosphate synthetase in the pathway of selenium utilization

      • Gustavo Salinas, Hétor Romero, Xue-Ming Xu, Bradley A. Carlson, Dolph L. Hatfield, Vadim N. Gladyshev
      Pages 39-50

    5. SECIS RNAs and K-turn binding proteins. A survey of evolutionary conserved RNA and protein motifs

      • Christine Allmang, Alain Krol
      Pages 51-61

    6. SECIS binding proteins and eukaryotic selenoprotein synthesis

      • Donna M. Driscoll, Paul R. Copeland
      Pages 63-72

    7. The importance of subcellular localization of SBP2 and EFsec for selenoprotein synthesis

      • Peter R. Hoffmann, Marla J. Berry
      Pages 73-82

    8. Selenocysteine biosynthesis and incorporation may require supramolecular complexes

      • Andrea L Small-Howard, Maria J Berry
      Pages 83-95

  4. Selenium-containing proteins

    1. Front Matter

      Pages 97-97
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    2. Selenoproteins and selenoproteomes

      • Vadim N. Gladyshev
      Pages 99-110

    3. Deletion of selenoprotein P gene in the mouse

      • Raymond F. Burk, Gary E. Olson, Kristina E. Hill
      Pages 111-122

    4. Selenium and methionine sulfoxide reduction

      • Hwa-Young Kim, Vadim N. Gladyshev
      Pages 123-133

    5. Selenoprotein W in development and oxidative stress

      • Chrissa Kioussi, Philip D. Whanger
      Pages 135-140

    6. The 15-kDa selenoprotein (Sep15): functional analysis and role in cancer

      • Vyacheslav M. Labunskyy, Vadim N. Gladyshev, Dolph L. Hatfield
      Pages 141-148

    7. Regulation of glutathione peroxidase-1 expression

      • Roger A. Sunde
      Pages 149-160

    8. Selenoproteins of the glutathione system

      • Leopold Flohé, Regina Brigelius-Flohé
      Pages 161-172

    9. New roles of glutathione peroxidase-1 in oxidative stress and diabetes

      • Xin Gen Lei, Wen-Hsing Cheng
      Pages 173-182

    10. Selenoproteins of the thioredoxin system

      • Arne Holmgren
      Pages 183-193
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Keywords

About this book

The discovery of selenoproteins in 1973 was the starting point for today's flourishing selenium field [1,2]. It provided evidence that selenium had biochemical functions that could account for its nutritional effects [3,4]. Further, it opened the selenium field to investigation by the methods of biochemistry, which led to the identification of several more selenoproteins and showed that selenocysteine was the form of the element in animal selenoproteins and in most bacterial ones. Although noteworthy efforts were made to uncover the mechanism of selenocysteine and selenoprotein synthesis using biochemical methods, the problem yielded only when attacked with the methods of molecular biology [5,6]. The bacterial mechanism was characterized first; characterization of the animal mechanism is a work in progress. It is interesting to note that the only genes that are devoted to selenium metabolism are those that support selenoprotein synthesis and selenocysteine catabolism. Consequently, it seems likely that competition for selenium between selenoprotein synthesis and the production of selenium excretory metabolites [7] controls who- body selenium homeostasis. The physiological functions of selenium derive fi-om the catalytic and physical properties of selenoproteins. Selenoproteins such as the glutathione peroxidases and the thioredoxin reductases have redox activities that allow them to serve in oxidant defense. The deiodinases use their redox activities to activate and inactivate thyroid hormones. From these two examples, it can be seen that selenoprotein functions are diverse while having in common a redox mechanism.

Editors and Affiliations

  • National Cancer Institute, USA

    Dolph L. Hatfield

  • University of Hawaii, USA

    Marla J. Berry

  • Univeristy of Nebraska, USA

    Vadim N. Gladyshev

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